The Skull and bones Order is frequently sited as being
an offshoot of the Illuminanti and ranked as being dark by nature. Many writers and opposers within the orders of conspiracy
theorists condemn President GWB and Senator John Kerry for being members of SB club.
They also condemn and blacken their line of descending
members. I would like to make for this paper a brief commentary on the recent history of some events of Henry Lewis
Stimson, a member within this rite or order that every well motivated conspiracy theorist out for the blood of said members
within SB often takes every attempt to slander and twist to ill intentioned ends the grey matter out of said skull and bones!
Many members within SB are working for the welfare
of humanity, all be it within an exoteric lodge, order or club, and have no intention in the least to bring harm to the human
entity.
H L Stimson for one is indeed condemned for being a
nefarious member during WWII, yet we will see that as accounted from "The Order of Skull and Bones Society, The Secret Origins
of Skull & Bones." he was condemned for overseeing the "Manhattan Project" and seeing that America developed and used
the atomic bomb on the Japanese.
We are of course well aware that Master DK informs
us of the intended use of such a bomb was in full concordance with the wishes of the Hierarchy of Masters and Shamballa!
JPC.
The world war then reached a final stage; the first stage was from 1914-1918; it then proceeded in a subterranean
fashion, only to erupt once more in 1939, continuing with extreme fierceness and cruelty till 1945, when the power to continue
the fight ended and the atomic bomb wrote finis to the world chapter of disaster. That atomic bomb (though used only twice
destructively) ended the resistance of the powers of evil because its potency is predominantly etheric. Its uses are twofold
at this time:
As the forerunner of that release of energy which will
change the mode of human living and inaugurate the new age wherein we shall not have civilizations and their emerging cultures
but a world culture and an emerging civilization, thus demonstrating the true synthesis which underlies humanity. The atomic
bomb emerged from a first ray Ashram, working in conjunction with a fifth ray group; from the long range point of view, its
intent was and is purely beneficent. EXT 548.
I will now give some quotes from Paul Goldstein/Jeffrey Steinberg.
"Skull & Bones and the New World Order." which condemns Henry Lewis Stimson for being in this order of SB and views these
quotes as being pro neo con and SB and against humanities better interests shall we say.
They are anti Free masonry, anti any society of this
nature, anti war in nearly all instances, anti Korea, Vietnam, Malaya, Iraq act and anti atomic bomb, anti pearl harbour pro
Japanese, anti Roosevelt and anti WWII Churchill being its architect! and condemns GWHB for provoking Saddam into invading
Kuwait ect. In their eyes SB is manipulating the world and creating the American "empire". This is just the stance that
many conspiracy theorists are taking along with many many NGWS, media, general pubic and fundamentalists of all persuasions.
Such is the company these all keep! JPC.
www.parascope.com/articles/0997/skullbones.htm"Indeed, for most contemporary Bonesmen, Henry Lewis
Stimson, the quintessential WASP warrior, was the very personification of the Order's full ascent to power during the period
of World War II."
"The politics of the New World Order appear to be borrowed largely from the pages of the decline
and fall of the British Empire. Political columnist Patrick Buchanan, an early vocal opponent of the Bush Persian Gulf strategy,
warned as early as August 1990 that the White House was falling into the trap of British "balance of power" politics, the
very politics that left Great Britain on the scrap heap of world powers at the close of World War II, and put Winston Churchill,
the architect of World War II and the Cold War, out of a job." PaulGoldstein/Jeffrey Steinberg. Skull & Bones and the
New World Order.
"Among the other lasting interests that Roosevelt would pass on to Stimson was his deep passion
for the Pacific. Roosevelt was convinced that America's imperial destiny was dependent upon its domination of the Pacific
Ocean and the Far East." Ibid.
"On Japan, Stimson and McGeorge Bundy wrote their book On Active Service in Peace
and War: "Since 1937, when the Japanese attacked China, Stimson had been urging, as a private citizen, an embargo on all American
trade with Japan, and this attitude he carried with him into the Cabinet [when he became Secretary of War]." Stimson prepared
a memorandum in 1940 pointing out how Japan had yielded before American firmness, in her withdrawal from Shantung and Siberia
in 1919 and her acceptance of naval inferiority in 1921. "Japan," Stimson wrote, "has historically shown that she can misinterpret
a pacifistic policy of the United States for weakness. She has also historically shown that when the United States indicates
by clear language and bold actions that she intends to carry out a clear and affirmative policy in the Far East, Japan will
yield to that policy even though it conflicts with her own Asiatic policy and conceived interests. For the United States now
to indicate either by soft words or inconsistent actions that she has no such clear and definite policy towards the Far East
will only encourage Japan to bolder action."
"On December 7, 1941, Stimson wrote in his diary: "When the news
first came that Japan had attacked us, my first feeling was of relief that the indecision was over and that crisis had come
in a way which would unite all our people. This continued to be my dominant feeling in spite of the news of catastrophes which
quickly developed. For I feel that this country united has practically nothing to fear, while the apathy and division stirred
by unpatriotic men have been hitherto very discouraging."
"On the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima,
Stimson wrote in an article for Harper's Weekly in 1947: "My chief purpose was to end the war in victory with the least possible
cost in the lives of men in the armies which I had helped to raise. In the light that no man, in our position and subject
to our responsibilities, holding in his hands a weapon of such possibilities for accomplishing this purpose and saving those
lives, could have failed to use it and afterwards looked his countrymen in the face."
"At the Truman White House
in the presence of Secretary of State James Byrnes, Adm. Leahy and Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal, according to his
biographer: "Stimson had argued consistently for a commitment to allow the Japanese to keep their Emperor, not because- with
the memory of Manchuria in his mind‹he had any special sympathy for him, but because only the Emperor could persuade
the Japanese to surrender and therefore save American lives." Ibid.
"A member of the Order's class of 1888, Stimson
served seven U.S. presidents: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft (a fellow Bonesman), Woodrow Wilson, Calvin Coolidge,
Herbert Hoover, Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Harry S Truman. As the Secretary of War under FDR and Truman, Stimson oversaw
the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb."
"Stimson personally decided on the use of that devastating
weapon against the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Years earlier, as the chairman of the American delegation at
the London Naval Conference and as Secretary of State under President Hoover (1929-1933), Stimson had played a pivotal role
in restricting the size of the Japanese Imperial Navy."
"He would be an architect of the FDR 's administration's
economic provocations against Japan which ultimately helped induce Japan into the attack at Pearl Harbor, thus bringing the
United States formally into World War II. And Stimson was also ultimately responsible for the FDR administration's decision
to intern the Nisei (Japanese-Americans) after Pearl Harbor." PaulGoldstein/Jeffrey Steinberg. Skull & Bones and the New
World Order.
This is just the tip of an iceberg. You also have eugenics and population control, suppressed
history and technology, yearly retreats, profitable partnerships with brutal dictators, deals with "terrorists", the involvement
of the Knights of Malta, war-mongering and profiteering, mind-control, secret societies for teens, ritual magic and more --
all spinning the dark threads in the web of conspiracy that our spinning blue ball has gotten caught in.
We've
got a whole new crop of "Bonesmen" coming up, including George H.W. Bush's son George W. Bush, Governor of Texas.
www.parascope.com/articles/0997/skullbones.htm
Henry Lewis Stimson:
Henry L. Stimson was born on September 21, 1867 in
New York City. He served in the administrations of five US Presidents from 1911 to 1945. He was Secretary of War under President
William Howard Taft. Stimson served as a special emissary to Nicaragua in 1927 and as Governer General of the Philippines
from 1927 until 1929. Under President Herbert Hoover, Stimson was Secretary of State and was Secretary of War under Presidents
Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman.
Stimson acted as chief adviser on atomic policy to
President Roosevelt. Stimson tried to end the war sooner by recommending that the Allies offer terms of surrender allowing
for Japan to keep its Emperor. He also recommended to President Truman that atom bombs be dropped on Japanese cities, although
he was responsible for taking the ancient Japanese capital of Kyoto off the target list. He later justified the bombings on
humanitarian grounds, arguing that the use of the bombs accelerated Japan's surrender, thus saving more lives than they cost.
Stimson also prepared Truman's statement to the public
regarding the dropping of the atomic bomb. In February 1947, Stimson authored the first written defense of the atomic bombings
entitled "The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb," which was published in Harper's Magazine.
During his last days in office as well as in the last
few years of his life, Stimson focussed on controlling nuclear weapons. He died on October 20, 1950 in Huntington, New York.
nuclearfiles.org
Henry L. Stimson's Prepared Statement for the Public
Regarding Dropping the Atomic Bomb Forwarded to President Truman
July 31, 1945
Dear Mr. President:
Attached are two copies of the revised statement which
has been prepared for release by you as soon as the new weapon is used. This is the statement about which I cabled you last
night.
The reason for the haste is that I was informed only
yesterday that, weather permitting, it is likely that the weapon will be used as early as August 1st, Pacific Ocean Time,
which as you know is a good many hours ahead of Washington time.
This message and inclosure are being brought to you
by Lt. R. G. Arneson, whom Secretary Byrnes will recognize as the Secretary of the Interim Committee, appointed with your
approval, to study various features of the development and use of the atomic bomb.
Faithfully yours,
Secretary of War.
Draft of 30 July 1945
______________________hours
ago an American airplane dropped one bomb on _______________________ and destroyed it usefulness to the enemy. That bomb has
more power than 20,000 tons of T.N.T. It has more than two thousand times the blast power of the British "Grand Slam" which
is the largest bomb ever yet used in the history of warfare.
The Japanese began the war from the air at Pearl Harbor.
They have been repaid many fold. And the end is not yet. With this bomb we have now added a new and revolutionary increase
in destruction to supplement the growing power of our armed forces. In their present form these bombs are now in production
and even more powerful forms are in development.
It is an atomic bomb. It is a harnessing of the basic
power of the universe. The force from which the sun draws its power has been loosed against those who brought war to the Far
East.
Before 1939, it was the accepted belief of scientists
that it was theoretically possible to release atomic energy. But no one knew any practical method of doing it. By 1942, however,
we knew that the Germans were working feverishly to find a way to add atomic energy to the other engines of war with which
they hoped to enslave the world. But they failed. We may be grateful to Providence that the Germans got the V-1's and the
V-2's late and in limited quantities and even more grateful that they did not get the atomic bomb at all.
The battle of the laboratories held fateful risks for
us as well as the battles of the air, land and sea, and we have now won the battle of the laboratories as we have won the
other battles.
Beginning in 1940, before Pearl Harbor, scientific
knowledge useful in war was pooled between the United States and Great Britain, and many priceless helps to our victories
have come from that arrangement. Under that general policy the research on the atomic bomb was begun. With American and British
scientists working together we entered the race of discovery against the Germans.
The United States had available the large number of
scientists of distinction in the many needed areas of knowledge. It had the tremendous industrial and financial resources
necessary for the project and they could be devoted to it without undue impairment of other vital war work. In the United
States the laboratory work and the production plants, on which a substantial start had already been made, would be out of
reach of enemy bombing, while at that time Britain was exposed to constant air attack and was still threatened with the possibility
of invasion. For these reasons Prime Minister Churchill and President Roosevelt agreed that it was wise to carry on the project
here. We now have two great plants and many lesser works devoted to the production of atomic power. Employment during peak
construction numbered 125,000 and over 65,000 individuals are even now engaged in operating the plants. Many have worked there
for two and a half years. Few know what they have been producing. They see great quantities of material going in and they
see nothing coming out of these plants, for the physical size of the explosive charge is exceedingly small. We have spent
two billion dollars on the greatest scientific gamble in history -- and won.
But the greatest marvel is not the size of the enterprise,
its secrecy, nor its cost, but the achievement of scientific brains in putting together infinitely complex pieces of knowledge
held by many men in different fields of science into a workable plan. And hardly less marvellous has been the capacity of
industry to design, and of labor to operate, the machines and methods to do things never done before so that the brain child
of many minds came forth in physical shape and performed as it was supposed to do. Both science and industry worked under
the direction of the United States Army, which achieved a unique success in managing so diverse a problem in the advancement
of knowledge in an amazingly short time. It is doubtful if such another combination could be got together in the world. What
has been done is the greatest achievement of organized science in history. It was done under high pressure and without failure.
We are now prepared to obliterate more rapidly and
completely every productive enterprise the Japanese have above ground in any city. We shall destroy their docks, their factories,
and their communications. Let there be no mistake; we shall completely destroy Japan's power to make war.
It was to spare the Japanese people from utter destruction
that the ultimatum of July 26 was issued at Potsdam. Their leaders promptly rejected that ultimatum. If they do not now accept
our terms they may expect a rain of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this earth. Behind this air
attack will follow sea and land forces in such numbers and power as they have not yet seen and with the fighting skill of
which they are already well aware.
The Secretary of War, who has kept in personal touch
with all phases of the project, will immediately make public a statement giving further details.
His statement will give facts concerning the sites
at Oak Ridge near Knoxville, Tennessee, and at Richland near Pasco, Washington, and an installation near Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Although the workers at the sites have been making materials to be used in producing the greatest destructive force in history
they have not themselves been in danger beyond that of many other occupations, for the utmost care has been taken of their
safety. A scientific report of the project will be made public tomorrow.
The fact that we can release atomic energy ushers in
a new era in man's understanding of nature's forces. Atomic energy may in the future supplement the power that now comes from
coal, oil, and falling water, but at present it cannot be produced on a basis to compete with them commercially. Before that
comes there must be a long period of intensive research.
It has never been the habit of the scientists of this
country or the policy of this Government to withhold from the world scientific knowledge. Normally, therefore, everything
about the work with atomic energy would be made public.
But under present circumstances it is not intended
to divulge the technical processes of production or all the military applications, pending further examination of possible
methods of protecting us and the rest of the world from the danger of sudden destruction.
I shall recommend that the Congress of the United States
consider promptly the establishment of an appropriate commission to control the production and use of atomic power within
the United States. I shall give further consideration and make further recommendations to the Congress as to how atomic power
can become a powerful and forceful influence towards the maintenance of world peace.
Original at: http://www.whistlestop.org/
War Department Washington, D.C.
Statement of
the Secretary of War
IMMEDIATE RELEASE
WAR DEPARTMENT
Washington,
D. C.
STATEMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR
The recent use of the atomic bomb over Japan, which
was today made known by the President, is the culmination of years of herculean effort on the part of science and industry
working in cooperation with the military authorities. This development which was carried forward by the many thousand participants
with the utmost energy and the very highest sense of national duty, with the greatest secrecy and the most imperative of time
schedules, probably represents the greatest achievement of the combined efforts of science, industry, labor, and the military
in all history.
The military weapon which has been forged from the
products of this vast undertaking has an explosive force such as to stagger the imagination. Improvements will be forthcoming
shortly which will increase by several fold the present effectiveness. But more important for the long-range implications
of this new weapon, is the possibility that another scale of magnitude will be evolved after considerable research and development.
The scientists are confident that over a period of many years atomic bombs may well be developed which will be very much more
powerful than the atomic bombs now at hand. It is abundantly clear that the possession of this weapon by the United States
even in its present form should prove a tremendous aid in the shortening of the war against Japan.
The requirements of security do not permit of any revelation
at this time of the exact methods by which the bombs are produced or of the nature of their action. However, in accord with
its policy of keeping the people of the nation as completely informed as is consistent with national security, the War Department
wishes to make known at this time, at least in broad dimension, the story behind this tremendous weapon which has been developed
so effectively to hasten the end of the war. Other statements will be released which will give further details concerning
the scientific and production aspects of the project and will give proper recognition to the scientists, technicians, and
the men of industry and labor who have made this weapon possible.
The chain of scientific discoveries which has led to
the atomic bomb began at the turn of the century when radio-activity was discovered. Until 1939 work in this field was world-wide,
being carried on particularly in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy and Denmark.
Before the lights went out over Europe and the advent
of war imposed security restrictions, the fundamental scientific knowledge concerning atomic energy from which has been developed
the atomic bomb now in use by the United States was widely known in many countries, both Allied and Axis. The war, however,
ended the exchange of scientific information on this subject and, with the exception of the United Kingdom and Canada, the
status of work in this field in other countries is not fully known, but we are convinced that Japan will not be in a position
to use an atomic bomb in this war. While it is known that Germany was working feverishly in an attempt to develop such a weapon,
her complete defeat and occupation has now removed that source of danger. Thus it was evident when the war began that the
development of atomic energy for war purposes would occur in the near future and it was a question of which nations would
control the discovery.
A large number of American scientists were pressing
forward the boundaries of scientific knowledge in this fertile new field at the time when American science was mobilized for
war. Work on atomic fission was also in progress in the United Kingom when the war began in Europe. A close connection was
maintained between the British investigations and the work here, with a pooling of information on this as on other matters
of scientific research of importance for military purposes. It was later agreed between President Roosevelt and Prime Minister
Churchill that the project would be most quickly and effectively brought to fruition if all effort were concentrated in the
United States, thus ensuring intimate collaboration and also avoiding duplication. As a consequence of this decision, a number
of British scientists who had been working on this problem were transferred here in late 1943, and they have from that time
participated in the development of the project in the United States.
Late in 1939 the possibility of using atomic energy
for military purposes was brought to the attention of President Roosevelt. He appointed a committee to survey the problem.
Research which had been conducted on a small scale with Navy funds was put on a full scale basis as a result of the recommendations
of various scientific committees. At the end of 1941 the decision was made to go all-out on research work, and the project
was put under the direction of a group of eminent American scientists in the Office of Scientific Research and Development,
with all projects in operation being placed under contract with the OSRD. Dr. Vannevar Bush, Director of OSRD, reported directly
to the President on major developments. Meanwhile, President Roosevelt appointed a General Policy Group, which consisted of
former Vice President Henry A. Wallace, Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson, General George C. Marshall, Dr. James B. Conant,
and Dr. Bush. In June 1942 this group recommended a great expansion of the work and the transfer of the major part of the
program to the War Department. These recommendations were approved by President Roosevelt and put into effect. Major General
Leslie R. Groves was appointed by the Secretary of War to take complete executive charge of the program and was made directly
responsible to him and the Chief of Staff. In order to secure continuing consideration to the military aspects of the program,
the Presidents General Policy Group appointed a Military Policy Committee consisting of Dr. Gush as Chairman with Dr. Conant
as his alternate, Lt. General Wilhelm D. Styer, and Rear Admiral William R. Purnell. This Committee was charged with the responsibility
of considering and planning military policy relating to the program including the development and manufacture of material,
the production of atomic fission bombs, and their use as a weapon.
Although there were still numerous unsolved problems
concerning the several theoretically possible methods of producing esplosive material, nevertheless, in view of the tremendous
pressure of time it was decided in December 1942 to proceed with the construction of large scale plants. Two of these are
located at the Clinton Engineer Works in the State of Washington. The decision to embark on large scale production at such
an early stage was, of course, a gamble, but as is so necessary in war a calculated risk was taken and the risk paid off.
The Clinton Engineer Works is located on a Government
reservation of some 59,000 acres eighteen miles west of Knoxville, Tennessee. The large size and isolated location of this
site was made necessary by the need for security and for safety against possible, but then unknown, hazards. A Government-owned
and operated city, named Oak Ridge, was established within the reservation to accommodate the people working on the project.
They live under normal conditions in modest houses, dormitories, hutments, and trailers, and have for their use all the religious,
recreational, educational, medical, and other facilities of a modern small city. The total population of Oak Ridge is approximately
78,000 and consists of construction workers and plant operators and their immediate families; others live in immediately surrounding
communities.
The Hanford Engineer Works is located on a Government
reservation of 430,000 acres in an isolated area fifteen miles northwest of Pasco, Washington. Here is situated a Government-owned
and operated town called Richland with a population of approximately 17,000 consisting of plant operators and their immediate
families. As in the case of the site in Tennessee, consideration of security and safety necessitated placing this site in
an isolated area. Living conditions in Richland are similar to those in Oak Ridge.
A special laboratory dealing with the many technical
problems involved in putting the components together into an effective bomb is located in an isolated area in the vicinity
of Santa Fe, New Mexico. This laboratory has been planned, organized, and directed by Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer. The development
of the bomb itself has been largely due to his genius and the inspiration and leadership he has given to his associates.
Certain other manufacturing plants much smaller in
scale are located in the United States and Canada for essential production of Ayers needed materials. Laboratories at the
Universities of Columbia, Chicago, and California, Iowa State College, and at other schools as well as certain industrial
laboratories have contributed materially in carrying on research and in developing special equipment, materials, and processes
for the project. A laboratory has been established in Canada and a pilot plant for the manufacture of material is being built.
This work is being carried on by the Canadian Government with assistance from, and appropriate liaison with, the United States
and the United Kingdom.
While space does not permit of a complete listing of
the industrial concerns which have contributed so signally to the success of the project, mention should be made of a few.
The du Pont de Nemours Company designed and constructed the Hanford installations in Washington and operate them. A special
subsidiary of the M.W. Kellogg Company of New York designed one of the plants at Clinton, which was constructed by the J.A.
Jones Company and is operated by the Union Carbide and Carbon Company. The second plant at Clinton was designed and constructed
by the Stone and Webster Engineering Corporation of Boston and is operated by the Tennessee Eastman Company. Equipment was
supplied by almost all of the important firms in the United States, including Allis-Chalmers, Chrysler, General Electric,
and Westinghouse. These are only a few of the literally thousands of firms, both large and small, which have contributed to
the success of the program. It is hoped that one day it will be possible to reveal in greater detail the contributions made
by industry to the successful development of this weapon.
Behind these concrete achievements lie the tremendous
contributions of American science. No praise is too great for the unstinting efforts, brilliant achievements, and complete
devotion to the national interest of the scientists of this country. Nowhere else in the worl has science performed so successfully
in time of war. All the men of science who have cooperated effectively with industry and the military authorities in bringing
the project of fruition merit the very highest expression of gratitude from the people of the nation.
In the War Department the main responsibility for the
successful prosecution of the program rests with Major General Leslie R. Groves. His record of performance in securing the
effective development of this weapon for our armed forces in so short a period of time has been truly outstanding and merits
the very highest commendation.
From the outset extraordinary secrecy and security
measures have surrounded the project. This was personally ordered by President Roosevelt and his orders have been strictly
complied with. The work has been completely compartmentalized so that while many thousands of people have been associated
with the program in one way or another no one has been given more information concerning it than was absolutely necessary
to do his particular job. As a result only a few highly placed persons in Government and science know the entire story. It
was inevitable, of course, that public curiosity would be aroused concerning so large a project and that citizens would make
inquiries of Members of Congress. In such instances the Members of Congress have been most cooperative and have accepted in
good faith the statement of the War Department that military security precluded any disclosure of detailed information.
In the appropriation of funds, the Congress has accepted
the assurances of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Staff that the appropriations made were absolutely essential to national
security. The War Department is confident that the Congress will agree that its faith was not a mistake. Because it has not
been possible for Congress to keep a close check on the expenditure of the funds appropriated for the project which to June
30, 1945, amounted to $1,950,000,000, key scientific phases of the work have been reviewed from time to time by eminently
qualified scientists and industrial leaders in order to be certain that the expenditures were warrented by the potentialities
of the program.
The press and radio of the nation, as in so many other
instances, have complied wholeheartedly with the requests of the Office of Censorship that publicity on any phase of this
subject be suppressed.
In order to bring the project to fruition as quickly
as possible, it was decided in August 1943 to establish a Combined Policy Committee with the following membership: Secretary
of War Henry L. Stimson, Dr. Vannevar Bush, and Dr. James B. Conant, for the United States; Field Marshal Sir John Dill and
Colonel J. J. Llewellin, for the United Kingdom;* and Mr. C. D. Howe, for Canada. The Committee is responsible for the broad
direction of the project as between the countries. Interchange of information has been provided for within certain limits.
In the field of scientific research and development full interchange is maintained between those working in the same sections
of the field; in matters of design, construction, and operation of large scale plants information is exchanged only when such
exchange will hasten the completion of weapons for use in the present war. All these arrangements are subject to the approval
of the Combined Policy Committee. The United States members have had as their scientific adviser Dr. Richard C. Tolman; the
British members, Sir James Chadwick; and the Canadian member, Dean C. J. Mackenzie.
* Colonel Llewellin was replaced by Sir Ronald I. Campbell
in December 1943 and the latter, in turn, by the Earl of Halifax. The late Field Marshal Sir John Dill was replaced by Field
Marshal Sir Henry Maitland Wilson early in 1945.
It was early recognized that in order to make certain
that this tremendous weapon would not fall into the hands of the enemy prompt action should be taken to control patents in
the field and to secure control over the ore which is indispensable to the process. Substantial patent control has been accomplished
in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. In each country all personnel engaged in the work, both scientific and
industrial, are required to assign their entire rights to any inventions in this field to their respective governments. Arrangements
have been made for appropriate patent exchange in instances where inventions are made by nationals of one country working
in the territory of another. Such patent rights, interests, and titles as are exchanged, however, are held in afiduciary sense
subject to settlement at a later date on mutually satisfactory terms. All patent actions taken are surrounded by all safeguards
necessary for the security of the project. At the present stage of development of the science of atomic fission, uranium is
the ore essential to the production of the weapon. Steps have been taken, and continue to be taken, to assure us of adequate
supplies of this mineral. V.
Atomic fission holds great promise for sweeping developments
by which our civilization may be enriched when peace comes, but the overriding necessities of war have precluded the full
exploration of peacetime applications of this new knowledge. With the evidence presently at hand, however, it appears inevitable
that many useful contributions to the well-being of mankind will ultimately flow from these discoveries when the world situation
makes it possible for science and industry to concentrate on these aspects.
The fact that atomic energy can now be released on
a large scale in an atomic bomb raises the question of the prospect of using this energy for peaceful industrial purposes.
Already in the course of producing one of the elements much energy is being released, not explosively but in regulated amounts.
This energy, however, is in the form of heat at a temperature too low to make practicable the operation of a conventional
power plant. It will be a matter of much further research and development to design machines for the conversion of atomic
energy into useful power. How long this will take no one can predict but it will certainly be a period of many years. Furthermore,
there are many economic considerations to be taken into account before we can say to what extent atomic enertgy will supplement
coal, oil, and water as fundamental sources of power in industry in this or any other country. We are at the threshold of
a new industrial art which will take many years and much expenditure of money to develop.
Because of the widespread knowledge and interest in
this subject even before the war, there is no possibility of avoiding the risks inherent in this knowledge by any long- term
policy of secrecy. Mindful of these considerations as well as the grave problems that arise concerning the control of the
weapon and the implications of this science for the peace of the world, the Secretary of War, with the approval of the President,
Ayers has appointed an Interim Committee to consider
these matters. Membership of the Committee is as follows: The Secretary of War, Chairman; the Honorable James F. Byrnes, now
Secretary of State; the Honorable Ralph A. Bard, former Under Secretary of the Navy; the Honorable William L. Clayton, Assistant
Secretary of State; Dr. Vannevar Bush, Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development and President of the
Carnegie Institution of Washington; Dr. James B. Conant, Chairman of the National Defense Research Committee and President
of Harvard University; Dr. Karl T. Compton, Chief of the Office of Field Service in the Office of Scientific Research and
Development and President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and Mr. George L. Harrison, Special Consultant to
the Secretary of War and President of the New York Life Insurance Company. Mr. Harrison is alternate Chairman of the Committee.
The Committee is charged with the responsilbilty of
formulating recommendations to the President concerning the post-war organization that should be established to direct and
control the future course of the United States in this field both with regard to the research and developmental aspects of
the entire field and to its military applications. It will make recommendations with regard to the problems of both national
and international control. In its consideration of these questions, the Committee has had the benefit of the views of the
scientists who have participated in the project. These views have been brought to the attention of the Committee by an advisory
group selected from the leading physicists of the country who have been most active on this subject. This group is composed
of Dr. J. R. Oppenheimer, Dr. E. O. Lawrence, Dr. A. H. Compton, and Dr. Enrico Fermi. The Interim Committee has also consulted
the representatives of those industries which have been most closely connected with the multitude of problems that have been
faced in the production phases of the project. Every effort is being bent toward assuring that this weapon and the new field
of science that stands behind it will be employed wisely in the interests of the security of peace-loving nations and the
well-being of the world.
Original at: http://www.whistlestop.org/
Stimson asks Truman not to inquire into the nature
of the Manhattan Project.
Transcribed telephone conversation between the Secretary
of War Stimson and Senator Truman (excerpt)
June 17, 1943
Sec: The other matter is a very different matter. It's
connected with -- I think I've had a letter from Mr. Hally, I think, who is an assistant of Mr. Fulton of your office.
Truman:
That's right.
Sec: In connection with the plant at Pasco, Washington.
Truman: That's right.
Sec: Now that's
a matter which I know all about personally, and I am one of the group of two or three men in the whole world who know about
it.
Truman: I see.
Sec: It's part of a very important secret development.
Truman: Well, all right then - - -
Sec:
And I - -
Truman: I herewith see the situation, Mr. Secretary, and you won't have to say another word to me. Whenever
you say that to me, that's all I want to hear.
Sec: All right.
Truman: Here is what caused that letter. There is a
plant in Minneapolis that was constructed for a similar purpose and it had not been used, and we had been informed that they
were taking the machinery out of that plant and using it at this other one for the same purpose, and we just couldn't understand
that and that's the reason for the letter.
Sec: No, No, something - - -
Truman: You assure that this is for a specific
purpose and you think it's all right; that's all I need to know.
Sec: Not only for a specific purpose, but a unique purpose.
Truman:
All right, then.
Sec: Thank you very much.
Truman: You don't need to tell me anything else.
Sec: Well, I'm very
much obliged.
Truman: Thank you very much.
Sec: Goodby.
Truman: Goodby.
Source: Michael B. Stoff, Manhattan Project: A Documentary
History (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991), pp. 39-40. Thank you Paul Priest (priest@u.washington.edu) for providing this page!
Jeremy Condick. jpcondick@ntlworld.com
